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What are the mechanical and physical properties of commonly used refractory metals?

  • Mosten
  • 9 Jul

The high melting point metal commonly used in industry is called refractory metal, such as tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, zirconium and so on. Refractory metals have high melting point, high density, stable crystal structure, high activation energy, and difficult cutting. The refractory metal material is mainly made of refractory metal and other alloying elements are added. With the development of science and technology, refractory metals have been used more and more widely in the fields of atomic energy, aerospace, machinery, electronics, chemical industry, medical treatment, textile, light industry and so on.

Among the commonly used refractory metals, tungsten has the highest melting point (3380℃) and the highest density (19.1g/cm3), while molybdenum has the highest elastic modulus.

How to improve tungsten machinability?

The cutting machinability of tungsten is very poor. In order to improve the processing efficiency and quality, the following methods can be adopted to improve the cutting machinability of tungsten:

⑴ Tungsten billet surface has a very hard oxide layer, machining will make the tool wear or produce "knife" phenomenon. Therefore, before processing, the tungsten blank can be sandblasted to remove the oxide layer on the surface and reduce tool wear.

(2) The transition temperature of metal from plasticity to brittleness is called plasticity brittle transition temperature. The plastic brittle transition temperature of pure tungsten is very high. In order to improve its machinability, the workpiece can be heated to more than 200℃ with a blowtorch before cutting.

(3) copper penetration treatment can also improve the cutting machinability of tungsten. The turning condition of blunt tungsten after copper penetration is similar to that of 45 steel.